Frame Variables
Frames will have a flag indicating whether the frame variable for
the verb is required, optional, or forbidden. When the verb is
found, these flags are set for each frame variable. The verb class
holds this information.
Frames will also have a field to specify the type of value. Types
can be:
- Class / Instance (most common) - here the value of the field is
a character string of the diskPaging entry name of the class or
instance.
- Field / Table - for lower level atomic sentences, parts of the
sentence may refer to a field or table in a class or instance. If
this is the type of field value, the field class will hold
a character string to the class or instance of the field or table
- Constant - a numeric value
Attaching prepositional phrases to the verb will attempt to
fill out a Frame variable. If the verb has marked the Frame variable
forbidden, the prepositional phrase is an adjectivial modifying a
noun.
The variables, in the C structure, will be double arrays in order
to store multiple targets for a frame variable. For example, if
the command wants to add two or more destinations for a trip,
the frame should handle it.
Frame Veriable | Description |
Time | Time the event occured |
Origin | Origin of the event, prep "from", "of", and "off" |
Destination | Destination of the action, prep "at" and "tward" |
Result | return value of cirm function |
Actor, Agent | the active casual agent instigating the action, Subject |
Object, Patient, Theme | object the action is performed on, direct object |
ReceiveObject, recepient | receiver of the action, who was affected, indirect object, predicate noun |
Attribute | predicate adj |
Goal | indirect object |
Source | I bought it from Fred |
Instrument | thing used to assist, with a knife |
Beneficiary | entity whose behalf the action is taken, I bought it for you |
Location | location of the action |
Co-agent | secondary or assistant active agent |
Directive | target of the action |
Action | verb |
Difference | what was changed |
Motive | why the action was performed |
Trajectory, Path | selected path, prepositions "via" and "by" |
Cause | What made the change |
Method, Means | how the action was done, abstract instrument, "by" |
Obstacle | what was the problem |
Vehical | what vehical was used, prepositions "on" and "in" |
FocusObject | stores the context object. For ex. if FocusObject = book, "the cover" will match the book |
Experiencer | person involved in perception |
At Possession, Possessor | current possessor |
To Possession | final possessor |
From Possession | original possessor |
At Value | current value |
To Value | final value |
From Value | original value |
More roles:
Role | POS |
agent | subject in active sentences
preposition by in passive sentence |
theme | an object of transitive verb
as subject of nonaction verb |
instrument | as subject in active sentence with no agent
preposition with |
experiencer | an animate subject in active sentences with no agent |
beneficiary | as indirect object with transitive verb
preposition for |
at location | preposition in, on, beyond, etc |
at possession | possessive noun phrase
as subject of sentence if no agent |
to location | prepositions to, into |
to possession | prepsoitions to
indirect object with certain verb |
from location | prepositions from, out of, etc |
from possession | preposition from |
Example sentence | roles in order |
Jack ran | agent |
Jack ran with a crutch | agent + instrument |
Jack ran with a crutch for Susan | agent + instrument + beneficiary |
Jack destroyed the car | agent + theme |
Jack put the car through the wall | agent + theme + path |
Jack sold Henry the car | agent + to possession + theme |
Henry pushed the car from Jack's house to the junkyard |
agent + theme + from location + to location |
Jack is tall | theme(Jack) |
Henry believes that jack is tall | experiencer (Henry) + theme |
Susan owns a car | at possession + theme |
I am in the closet | theme + at location |
The ice melted | theme |
Jack enjoyed the play | experiencer + theme |
The ball rolled down the hill to the water | theme + path + to location |
Frame Types
ATRANS | Abstract; like possession or ownership |
PTRANS | Physical |
MTRANS | speaking; like transferring thought |
body movements | |
PROPEL | apply force |
MOVE | move body part |
GRASP | |
INGEST | |
EXPEL | |
mental actions | |
CONCEPTUALIZE | |
MBUILD | perform inference |
Frame Information
The following is a list of the types of information found
in frames:
That which is certain | always true for a class: "dogs are alive"
|
That which is typical | "American Eskimos are white" |
That which constrains | "Fur color has to be a color; it
cannot be long or short" |
That which can be inferred | |
This makes all fields of a class have a constraint that only values
of that type will be accepted.
For example: Favorite food field would only take edible food as a value.
"John's favorite food is a hammer" would result in an error. This is
an example of a nesessary or absolute constraint.
Like wise, the field have sex with would have the constriant of a human
partner. Someone could have sex with an animal or inanimate blow-up
doll, but that would be unusual. This is an example of a usual
constraint.
Another frame
- Question / order - nature of phrase
- Object - what the phrase refers to
- Subject - what the phrase says about the object
- qualifiers, size, color - descriptions
- number - all, one, both, ...
- location - where is the object
- action - verb
- person - you, me, them, they, him, her
- tense - past, present, ...
For example, "Get that fat cat off my grass"
- command (implied do)
- cat
- you (implied)
- my, fat
-
- grass
- get off
- you (implied)
-
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